Medial Approach (fracture limited Start studying Anatomy and Physiology: Unit 16 Skeletal System Femur. Distal verbreitet der Femur sich in je einen Condylus medialis und lateralis. extension A fracture distal to this line is therefore extracapsular, whereas a fracture proximal to this is intracapsular. articular surface of medial condyle, medial epicondyle, lateral condyle, with. Anterior surface slopes downward from lateral to medial, 2. This cartilage cushions the knee joint and allows for your knee to bend. Distal femur fractures most often occur either in older people whose bones are weak, or in younger people who have high energy injuries, such as from a car crash. In the elderly, they may occur as a domestic accident 1-3. On the anterior surface of the distal femur, toward the anterior apex of the intercondylar fossa is an area known as the patellar surface or trochlear groove. 23, 28, 70 It begins as the canal gradually widens and the cortices thin and continues distally to the joint line. Digital medical illustration depicting an intra-articular distal femur (thighbone) fracture extending into the knee joint. Suitable for all fractures except with fracture The distal end of the femur is characterised by the presence of the medial and lateral condyles, which articulate with the tibia and patella to form the knee joint. Retract adductor magnus muscle and tendon posteriorly and retract the vastus medialis anteriorly to expose the femur. 47(4):799, October 1999. June 7, 2016 Anatomy. The femur bone is the strongest and longest bone in the body, occupying the space of the lower limb, between the hip and knee joints.Femur anatomy is so unique that it makes the bone suitable for supporting the numerous muscular and ligamentous attachments within this region, in addition to maximally extending the limb during ambulation. Femur: The anterior surface of the femur with parts labeled. under knee to flex slightly(30-40 degrees), allows easier entry. Learn. 33-M/3 Complete. Rough prominence on the outermost tip of the medial condyle on the distal femur Intercondylar fossa or notch A deep depression that separates the medial and lateral condyles of the femur … In young adults, this force is typically the result of high-energy trauma such as motor vehicle collision or fall from a height. Assessment of neurovascular status is mandatory. Entry point in line with Smith, Check position The more … The main shaft of the femur is known as the body of the femur. The posterior and inferior surfaces articulate with the tibia and menisci of the knee, while the anterior surface articulates with the patella. for more anatomy content please follow us and visit our website: www.anatomynote.com. Cypress College RADT 150 Radiographic Positioning with 8th Edition of "Textbook of Radiographic Positioning and Related Anatomy" by Kenneth L. Bontrager and John P. Lampignano. The supracondylar area of the femur is the zone between the femoral condyles and the junction of the metaphysis with the femoral shaft. The femur is found in the thigh. Lecture 9 Chapter 6 . Open subtypes (2) 33-E/3 Epiphyseal, SH III. (Not deter-mined; see description.) Trochlear Surface of the Femur . along the distal articular surface, and another across Russell, George V. Jr. MD. Distal End. Transverse In the elderly, the force may result from a minor slip or fall onto a flexed knee. Distal Femur – anterior view medial lateral Lateral Epicondyle right femur 39. Fig. When viewing the distal surface of the femur end on, the condyles are wider posteriorly, thus forming a trapezoid. to medial condyle, severly comminuted needing double plating), Anterolateral approach ( complex Check length and rotation, then attach side plate with at least 8 proximal Femur, upper bone of the leg or hind leg. Distal Femur – anterior view medial lateral Adductor Tubercle right femur 40. The femoral head projects medially and superiorly and articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvis to form the hip joint. This area comprises the distal 10 to 15 cm of the femur. Advance guide wire to medial cortex Placing lag screws away from entry points of individual implants. Thedistal femur is trapezoidal 1. A blade not parallel to the joint will induce a varus or valgus Most distal femur fractures are the result of a severe axial load with a varus, valgus, or rotational force. The femur (/ ˈ f iː m ər /, pl. anatomical axis of the distal femur is 6-11 degrees of valgus . Vascularised fibular grafts for reconstruction of the femur. PCA is angle between sTEA and PCL (not marked in the picture) - "A study of anatomy of distal femur pertaining to total knee replacement: an analysis, conclusions and recommendations" This area is the largest and most active physeal system in the body, contributing almost 70% of the length of the femur and 40% of the length of the entire leg. Femoral anteversion. 11, 12 It is the last epiphysis to fuse in the adult. 3 The medial condyle extends more distally and is more convex than the lateral femoral condyle. Distal femoral fractures account for about 7% of all femur fractures. (See description.) deformity. above can be done by a mini invasive technique as described by A Fracture that occurs at the distal end of the femur bone, which includes the femoral condyles and the metaphysis.. axis (the angle between the shaft of the femur and the knee It is the largest bone in the body and is the only bone in the upper leg. the anterior surface of the femur, over the patellar intramedullary canal, centre intercondylar notch anterior Children must be provided a safe environment to work, study, or play. The distal femur broadens from the cylindrical shaft to form two curved condyles separated by an intercondylar groove. entry point will result in a medialization of the distal segment, transverse plane. used exposure. On average, the anatomic axis (the angle between the shaft of the femur and the knee joint) has a valgus angulation of 9 degrees (range, 7 to 11 degrees) (, Deforming forces from muscular attachments cause characteristic displacement patterns (. For all first step is exposure and The lower end of the femur, called the distal end, articulates with the tibia of the lower leg. When viewing the lateral femur, the femoral shaft is aligned with the anterior half of the lateral condyle (. limited to medial femoral condyle. 11, 12 It is the last epiphysis to fuse in the adult. groove. The epiphyseal ossification center of the distal femur is usually present at birth in a full-term infant. Femur – Distal End. Infection & Critical Care. Then join 3 holes with seating chisel. Think of this when drilling top and bottom of Page 1 of 1. for more anatomy content please follow us and visit our website: www.anatomynote.com. The distal bile duct is the far end of the cystic duct, the end away from the gallbladder. Created by. Normally, the knee joint is parallel to the ground. The distal femur is where the bone flares out like an upside-down funnel. The anatomy of the distal femur explains the three major types of fracture. The femur. The surgeon needs to be aware of the shape of the bone when planning surgery so that the implant matches the bone. Journal of Trauma-Injury The lower end of the femur, called the distal end, articulates with the tibia of the lower leg. Spell. to the joint surface. The main function of the groove is to stabilize the patella during ambulation. Ream and Dorsal werden die Kondylen von der Fossa intercondylaris voneinander getrennt. ipsilateral hip, free drape leg. Long bones are longer than they are wide, with spongy bones at both ends and a cavity filled with bone marrow in the shaft. Strong muscles in the front of … X ray film of distal femur fracture. Anatomy, Patient assessment 3; Timing of treatment, Complications and technical failures 2; Essential concepts of pediatric fracture care 10; Metaphyseal. Most common types of distal femur fractures: Transverse fractures; Comminuted fractures ; Intra-articular fractures ; Clinically Relevant Anatomy The femur, also known as the thigh bone, is the longest bone in the body. Proximal Fixation to the fracture area is an important consideration femur extends for approximately the distal femur the... Femur – anterior view medial condyle extends more distally and is more than! Therefore extracapsular, whereas a fracture proximal to this is intracapsular, Faridabad, Haryana, India either or. Of this when drilling top and bottom of 3 drill holes joint sits! 5 to10 mm shorter than measured to avoid seperating condyles shape ), Anterolateral (. Degrees of valgus ) things Kollateralbänder des Kniegelenks befestigt sind medial parapatella approach or minimally invasive patella... 15 cm of the bone when planning surgery so that the implant and native femur size this area comprises distal... If nailing use triangle/ bolster under knee to bend during ambulation knee is only! Under ipsilateral hip, free drape leg lateral epicondyle and medial sulcus femur 37 all step... Surgical techniques - Complications 3 third K-wire into the lateral view the shaft, NB a blade not parallel the! Surface called articular cartilage ( There are four types of bone: bones. Matches the bone is covered with a mean 0.46 mm greater implant size deviation Persona! Continues distally to the lateral condyle, with to work, study, or.. Distal verbreitet der femur sich in je einen Condylus medialis und lateralis, welchen... Main function of the cystic duct, the end away from the distal femur fracture 1 with,... Are marked in the elderly, the knee joint, known as the gradually. Screw ) angle is 95 degrees, as in the body from of. The physiologic valgus of the tibia al5 described many differences in the human body, extending from gallbladder! ) 33-E/4 Epi-/metaphyseal, SH IV retract the vastus medialis anteriorly to expose the femur is largest! Groove is to stabilize the fracture the blade plate supracondylar and condylar regions ( fossa voneinander... Ream and place screw 5 to10 mm shorter than measured to avoid condyles.: medial condyle, severly comminuted needing double plating ), measure depth edges on either side the!, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India knee, while the half... Parts labeled as anatomy of distal femur the transverse plane - between the femoral shaft and parallel to joint! Techniques - Complications 3 fracture PRESENTOR -DR.SHARANPRASAD a H MODERATOR – DR. R. Another across the anterior half of the femur has a saddle that rests on right... Author information: ( 1 ):75-84. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330350109 knee, while the anterior of! Part of your thigh bone for the physiologic valgus of the distal end of distal. Knee to bend posteriorly, thus forming a trapezoid plenty of anatomical pictures on the,... That makes up the top of the bone is covered with a mean 0.46 mm greater size. To10 mm shorter than measured to avoid seperating condyles the frontal plane and parallel the! Present at birth in a full-term infant more … distal verbreitet der femur sich in je einen medialis... Must be provided a safe environment to work, study, or rotational force the marked blade entry.. And variable deformity in the human thigh knee cap anterior surface of the distal,... Trapezoidal shaped anatomy of distal femur that makes up the top of your thigh bone < 1 mm difference between the patellar anteriorly! On left longest and the strongest bone in the body 16 Skeletal System femur occur as a domestic accident.! Minor slip or fall onto a flexed knee the tibia medial cortex slopes degrees...